{"id":5915,"date":"2021-12-27T05:23:57","date_gmt":"2021-12-27T05:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html"},"modified":"2021-12-27T05:23:57","modified_gmt":"2021-12-27T05:23:58","slug":"ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html","title":{"rendered":"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"e7286918-3de9-4f6d-ad76-9bfa92414edb\" class=\"dcr-13udsys\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308\" alt=\"Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript> Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/TassVladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/Tass<\/figure>\n<p>Russian president\u2019s attention-seeking diplomatic demands speak to long-held grievances<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/uploads\/2017\/10\/06\/Dan-Sabbagh,-L.png?width=300&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=cec99c5da174842615d73509b87e8008\" alt=\"Dan Sabbagh\" class=\"dcr-1wujxfx lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/uploads\/2017\/10\/06\/Dan-Sabbagh,-L.png?width=300&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=cec99c5da174842615d73509b87e8008\" alt=\"Dan Sabbagh\" class=\"dcr-1wujxfx\"><\/noscript> Defence and security editor<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">It is more than 13 years since Nato\u2019s Bucharest summit, the meeting that agreed that the western alliance wanted the former Soviet states of Ukraine and Georgia to become members. But in many respects the legacy of that April 2008 meeting \u2013 the last attended by Vladimir Putin \u2013 hangs over the Ukraine crisis today.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">George W Bush arrived in an expansionist, post-cold war mindset pushing for Ukraine and Georgia to be given a roadmap to Nato membership. Granting them a so-called membership action plan would allow the two countries to follow a string of former eastern bloc states that had been allowed to join since 1999.<\/p>\n<p id=\"sign-in-gate\">\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Putin, however, addressed the assembled leaders at the start of the meeting, describing such a move as a \u201cdirect threat\u201d to Russian security. \u201cI remember him clearly saying to Angela Merkel and Bush: \u2018For me Ukraine is not a real country\u2019,\u201d said Jamie Shea, who spent 38 years inside Nato.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Putin\u2019s language helped produce a partial retreat \u2013 and a problematic compromise.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">\u201cThere was furious haggling with Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy [the then French president] and the result was that Ukraine would be offered membership in the future, but there would be no membership action plan, no firm date to join Nato,\u201d Shea said.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"c3388013-e7b9-4527-9fca-62490e7bf8e3\" class=\"dcr-10khgmf\">\n<figure id=\"c3388013-e7b9-4527-9fca-62490e7bf8e3\" data-alt=\"Nato new member states\" data-cypress=\"interactive-element-Nato%20new%20member%20states\" class=\"element element-interactive element-inline dcr-14q05a8\">Nato new member states<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">As a result the issue was allowed to linger, with Nato and its members not fully committed to Ukraine. \u201cI was actually present,\u201d said Jens Stoltenberg, Nato\u2019s secretary general, at a press appearance with Ukraine\u2019s president, Volodymyr Zelenskiy, last week. \u201cWe stand by that decision.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">But the half-promise remains an open sore to Russia\u2019s long-serving leader, obsessed by the two nations\u2019 long, pre-1991 history as one country. \u201cI am confident that true sovereignty of Ukraine is possible only in partnership with Russia,\u201d Putin wrote in a historical essay released by the Kremlin in July. \u201cFor we are one people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">During this winter\u2019s crisis Russia has massed an estimated 100,000 troops to the north, east and south of Ukraine, prompting fears among Nato allies of an invasion and a conflict \u201con a scale not seen since world war two\u201d, according to Britain\u2019s new head of the armed forces, Adm Sir Tony Radakin. But in the past week the attention-seeking Kremlin has pivoted to a series of diplomatic demands.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Russia presented a draft security treaty to the US before making it public. Its provisions say the US should prevent Ukraine and Georgia and other former Soviet states from joining Nato. It also insists the US should not establish military bases or even engage in \u201cbilateral military cooperation\u201d with Ukraine or any other non-Nato, former Soviet state \u2013 an attempt to carve out a clearly defined Russian sphere of influence.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"82f2b7b8-635f-4261-ab52-5e79332a502e\" class=\"dcr-eiqqge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/a82e6e497754aa9c53fe77dbab44b41c4f0ee64a\/0_171_4256_2554\/master\/4256.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=09b3532b129dc7d3d168d7da419cef2c\" alt=\"A Russian soldier takes part in drills in the Rostov region near its border with Ukraine\" height=\"2554\" width=\"4256\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Russian soldier takes part in drills in the Rostov region near its border with Ukraine\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/a82e6e497754aa9c53fe77dbab44b41c4f0ee64a\/0_171_4256_2554\/master\/4256.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=09b3532b129dc7d3d168d7da419cef2c\" height=\"2554\" width=\"4256\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript>A Russian soldier takes part in drills in the Rostov region near its border with Ukraine. Photograph: AP<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Such an idea is clearly controversial, particularly in eastern Europe, where memories of communist domination linger. \u201cRussia\u2019s proposed two draft treaties on 17 December outline the establishment of a two-tier Europe \u2013 one with the right to defend itself from Russian encroachment while the other must accept Russian supremacy as a new geopolitical reality,\u201d wrote Orysia Lutsevych, an analyst with the Chatham House thinktank, in a recent paper.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Other experts argue that Nato has become overconfident. Joshua Shifrinson, an associate professor of international relations at Boston University, said the US and the west \u201cin the grand sweep of post-cold war relationships have become less sensitive to Russian concerns\u201d, losing sight of the idea that the Kremlin too has vital interests.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">He added: \u201cRussia does not want other political groupings present near their homeland. That\u2019s not a hard thing to understand. Imagine if China were to form an alliance with Canada. Powerful states don\u2019t want other powers forming alliances near their borders.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Shifrinson, a historian, said that at the end of the cold war, US and German strategists had given \u201cvery clear signals\u201d that Nato would not expand farther eastward if Germany were allowed to reunite. But this sphere of influence commitment was quickly dropped in the 1990s and early part of the 2000s as Russia struggled as an independent country and a string of eastern bloc countries joined Nato and the EU.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Critics of this thinking argue that if anything, Nato\u2019s recent support for Ukraine has been too slight. \u201cIt\u2019s a lack of resolute action in the past that has taught Russia that it [can] upmarket and descale a crisis whenever they want it,\u201d said William Alberque, an American former Nato official and now the director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies thinktank. \u201cRussia has all the momentum in the current crisis,\u201d he added, as the US and Nato have agreed to hold talks with Kremlin diplomats in the new year.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Ukraine has already had to endure the war of 2014, when Russia seized Crimea and helped create a crisis leading to separatists holding the eastern Donbas region, where an unresolved, low-intensity conflict has claimed the lives of an estimated 14,000. Nato allies have responded with a steady but modest level of military support since 2014.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"006d60e6-e181-4ed0-8ae5-cdc24dd7aee2\" class=\"dcr-eiqqge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/1ac7831b3c8ff42f1e6a39ba05150f3622e59ff1\/0_75_2000_1200\/master\/2000.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=7ec34dae7664263ae1901428f4e0119a\" alt=\"Ukrainian soldiers launch a US-supplied Javelin missile during military exercises in the Donetsk region\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ukrainian soldiers launch a US-supplied Javelin missile during military exercises in the Donetsk region\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/1ac7831b3c8ff42f1e6a39ba05150f3622e59ff1\/0_75_2000_1200\/master\/2000.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=7ec34dae7664263ae1901428f4e0119a\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript>Ukrainian soldiers launch a US-supplied Javelin missile during military exercises in the Donetsk region. Photograph: AP<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">A hundred or so US military trainers are based in the west of the country, a long way from the frontline. Washington has provided $2.5bn in military aid, including Javelin anti-tank missiles, since Russia\u2019s seizure of Crimea, part of a gradual strategy to modernise Kyiv\u2019s forces and officially a precursor to Ukraine being given a path to Nato membership.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">More irritating to the Kremlin has been Kyiv\u2019s purchase of at least six TB2 drones from Turkey, whose effectiveness against Russian-made armour was demonstrated in last year\u2019s short Nagorno-Karabakh war when used by Azerbaijan against Armenia. Deploying the drones, Putin told his Turkish counterpart, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, in an early December phone call, was \u201cprovocative\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"5d136e27-b544-43b8-a06e-d2378791a73f\" class=\"dcr-1mfia18\">Why Putin is acting like a man who has run out of time<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">Nato repeatedly stresses it represents no military threat to Russia. Earlier this month, for example, the UK defence secretary, Ben Wallace, said it was \u201chighly unlikely\u201d that western troops would be sent to defend Ukraine if attacked.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-o5gy41\">But Shifrinson said that even if the west believed it was treading mildly, it had to better understand how its actions were perceived. \u201cMoscow understands that Ukraine is not being armed to the teeth or anchored in the west tomorrow, but at the same time it is asking where Ukraine will go in the future.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><!--noindex--><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/dec\/27\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-nato-eastward-expansion\">Source<\/a><!--\/noindex--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/TassVladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/Tass Russian president\u2019s attention-seeking diplomatic demands speak to long-held grievances Defence and security editor It is more than 13 years since Nato\u2019s Bucharest summit, the meeting that agreed that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5916,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news-from-russia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion - Learn Russian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion - Learn Russian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/TassVladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/Tass Russian president\u2019s attention-seeking diplomatic demands speak to long-held grievances Defence and security editor It is more than 13 years since Nato\u2019s Bucharest summit, the meeting that agreed that [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Learn Russian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-27T05:23:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0d6f5f7bbb19440e07a465cadacf8014\"},\"headline\":\"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-27T05:23:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\"},\"wordCount\":1140,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i.guim.co.uk\\\/img\\\/media\\\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\\\/0_129_2736_1642\\\/master\\\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308\",\"articleSection\":[\"Latest News From Russia\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html\",\"name\":\"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion - 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Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/TassVladimir Putin gestures during his annual end-of-year news conference in Moscow. Photograph: Sergei Karpukhin\/Tass Russian president\u2019s attention-seeking diplomatic demands speak to long-held grievances Defence and security editor It is more than 13 years since Nato\u2019s Bucharest summit, the meeting that agreed that [&hellip;]","og_url":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html","og_site_name":"Learn Russian","article_published_time":"2021-12-27T05:23:58+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_image":"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/#\/schema\/person\/0d6f5f7bbb19440e07a465cadacf8014"},"headline":"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion","datePublished":"2021-12-27T05:23:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html"},"wordCount":1140,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9e125d2a3d51e0066aa21dc5a988f24c385864f6\/0_129_2736_1642\/master\/2736.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=06f9947cbaadc31d6ec7f1858cd9e308","articleSection":["Latest News From Russia"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html","url":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/ukraine-crisis-how-putin-feeds-off-anger-over-natos-eastward-expansion.html","name":"Ukraine crisis: how Putin feeds off anger over Nato\u2019s eastward expansion - 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