{"id":4972,"date":"2021-10-27T19:24:57","date_gmt":"2021-10-27T19:24:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/420-give-or-take-meduza-talks-to-memorials-sergey-davidis-about-russias-growing-number-of-political-prisoners.html"},"modified":"2021-10-27T19:24:57","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T19:24:59","slug":"420-give-or-take-meduza-talks-to-memorials-sergey-davidis-about-russias-growing-number-of-political-prisoners","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/420-give-or-take-meduza-talks-to-memorials-sergey-davidis-about-russias-growing-number-of-political-prisoners.html","title":{"rendered":"420, give or take Meduza talks to Memorial\u2019s Sergey Davidis about Russia\u2019s growing number of political prisoners"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"EmbedBlock-module_root__28k9U EmbedBlock-module_cc__1BQ5g EmbedBlock-module_full__1TEjx EmbedBlock-module_desktop__SF5a_ EmbedBlock-module_proportional__3lAv4\">A rally in support of political prisoners on Moscow\u2019s Sakharov Avenue. September 30, 2019.Zuma \/ \u0422\u0410\u0421\u0421<\/figure>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_lead__35nXx  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">The number of political prisoners in Russia today is nearly five times higher than it was five years ago, according to the latest report from the Memorial Human Rights Center. Activists began maintaining a list of Russian political prisoners in the late 2000s, and for a long time it was made up of a few dozen names. But this tally has increased sharply since 2015. Today, the country has 420 political prisoners and is poised to catch up to the numbers seen during the twilight years of the USSR. All of these people are being persecuted for their political or religious beliefs. To find out more about the nature of political persecution in Russia today, Meduza spoke to prominent human rights activist Sergey Davidis, who leads Memorial\u2019s \u201cSupport for Political Prisoners\u201d program.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"SimpleBlock-module_h3__2Kv7Y  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\"><strong>How many political prisoners are there in Russia today?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">On the eve of Russia\u2019s Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions (October 30), the Memorial Human Rights Center published an updated list of the country\u2019s political prisoners. As of October 27, it includes 420 names. But human rights activist Sergey Davidis, who heads up Memorial\u2019s \u201cSupport for Political Prisoners\u201d program, says this number is liable to change.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">\u201cWe call a person a political prison when we can analyze for what and on what grounds he was convicted \u2014 and reasonably refute these arguments in court,\u201d he tells Meduza. \u201cThis means that we have to find out about the case. And [there are] many we don\u2019t find out about at all or we find out about with a delay.\u201d Davidis stresses that the real number of political prisoners in Russia \u201cshould be estimated several times higher,\u201d but says that 420 people is a \u201cconservative, reliable estimate\u201d \u2014 for now.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Memorial divides its list into two categories: political prisoners persecuted for exercising their right to freedom of religion or religious affiliation (340 people) and those persecuted for other political reasons (80 people). As the human rights group notes, this list has grown sharply over the past five years. A year ago, in October 2020, it included 362 names.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"EmbedBlock-module_root__28k9U EmbedBlock-module_cc__1BQ5g EmbedBlock-module_default__LSDny EmbedBlock-module_proportional__3lAv4\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"\/impro\/BB4-O69ZnL_KveS3_02IOsAKFwCU2FAHyt4MakXL1Fs\/fill\/325\/0\/ce\/1\/aHR0cHM6Ly9tZWR1\/emEuaW8vaW1hZ2Uv\/YXR0YWNobWVudHMv\/aW1hZ2VzLzAwNy8x\/ODQvMDI4L29yaWdp\/bmFsL2dBd19hNE4x\/UGRTN3VkdDZyVHo2\/WkEucG5n.png\" class=\"lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/impro\/BB4-O69ZnL_KveS3_02IOsAKFwCU2FAHyt4MakXL1Fs\/fill\/325\/0\/ce\/1\/aHR0cHM6Ly9tZWR1\/emEuaW8vaW1hZ2Uv\/YXR0YWNobWVudHMv\/aW1hZ2VzLzAwNy8x\/ODQvMDI4L29yaWdp\/bmFsL2dBd19hNE4x\/UGRTN3VkdDZyVHo2\/WkEucG5n.png\"><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"SimpleBlock-module_h3__2Kv7Y  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\"><strong>Who does Memorial consider a political prisoner?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Many of the political prisoners on Memorial\u2019s list would fall under Amnesty International\u2019s definition of\u00a0\u201cprisoner of conscience,\u201d Davidis explains: \u201cPeople who are persecuted solely for the peaceful exercise of their rights to freedom of assembly, conscience, expression \u2014 the rights provided for by the European Convention.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">A classic example of this, he says, is prisoners sentenced under Russia\u2019s Criminal Code Article 212.1, which provides punishments for \u201crepeated violations of the rules for conducting public events\u201d (such as protest rallies). \u201cAll people who, up until now, have been persecuted under this article \u2014 with or without imprisonment \u2014 were punished for peacefully exercising their right to freedom of assembly,\u201d Davidis underscores.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Memorial also considers anyone persecuted on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, or gender identity a political prisoner. And those imprisoned in connection with their religious affiliation make up the bulk of the organization\u2019s latest political prisoners list. \u201cBy their nature, religious groups carry out wide-ranging activities, they spread their faith and worldview, they cannot be closed, they\u2019re massive \u2014 and it\u2019s easy to carry out repressions against them,\u201d Davidis tells Meduza.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Russia has outlawed a number of religious groups as extremist or terrorist organizations since the early 2000s. For example, the pan-Islamist political group Hizb ut-Tahrir was designated as a terrorist organization in 2003. According to Davidis, this was a \u201cfateful decision\u201d for many Russian citizens linked to the organization. \u201cWe have several hundred people who are in prisons and have received sentences of up to 24 years in prison for peaceful conversations, tea parties, and meetings, where violence wasn\u2019t discussed, practiced, or planned,\u201d the human rights activist says.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">A more recent example is the Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses, which Russia\u2019s Supreme Court outlawed as an extremist organization in 2017. \u201cThe charges against them relating to extremism are completely absurd and bogus. These people [the Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses] are persecuted and in many cases imprisoned solely in connection with exercising their right to freedom of religion,\u201d Davidis underscores. \u201cAfter this organization was banned, hundreds of political prisoners appeared, and their prison terms are increasingly long. Today, the record is eight years.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Prisoners persecuted for other political reasons make up the second largest group on Memorial\u2019s list. As Davidis explains, this category includes individuals or groups of people who the authorities have persecuted in an attempt to \u201cstop lawful activities\u201d or \u201cin order to strengthen or preserve the powers of those who have said powers.\u201d \u201c[Alexey] Navalny is a prime example, as are several of his associates. We see that the main motive for [their] persecution is to stop [their] activities,\u201d he tells Meduza.<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">In other cases, political persecution aims to \u201csend certain signals to the public.\u201d Such as when \u201caccusations of violence against police officers are fabricated against random people,\u201d Davidis says, citing the 2019 \u201cMoscow Case\u201d and the more recent criminal prosecution of pro-Navalny protesters as examples. \u201cThese people weren\u2019t involved in violence, except in instances of self-defense, and they are considered political prisoners,\u201d he explains. \u201cOn the one hand, they were convicted for exercising their right to freedom of assembly. On the other hand, we understand that the goal is to intimidate and demonstrate to the public that, from the point of view of the authorities, participation in unsanctioned rallies is unacceptable.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Russia\u2019s 2014 annexation of Crimea was also followed by a spate of politically motivated criminal cases against Ukrainian nationals living on the peninsula, Davidis recalls. Memorial counts Ukrainian citizens imprisoned as part of these cases as \u201cRussian political prisoners,\u201d in that they are being persecuted by the Russian authorities. \u201cThese are former Ukrainian soldiers, Crimean Tatars, and those who do not agree with the annexation and occupation,\u201d Davidis clarifies.<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Memorial does not recognize as political prisoners anyone involved in violence against individuals or calls for violence against groups of people on religious, national, or ethnic grounds.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"SimpleBlock-module_h3__2Kv7Y  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\"><strong>How does Russia compare to other countries?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">\u201cIt\u2019s rather difficult to talk about world standards for the number of political prisoners, because not one country acknowledges that it has political prisoners. [&#8230;] But right now the number of political prisoners in Russia is comparable to how many there were in the late USSR, until Gorbachev released them,\u201d Sergey Davidis tells Meduza.<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">For many years, Russia had more political prisoners than neighboring Belarus \u2014 but this is no longer the case. \u201cThe brutality of the suppression of any civil society activity over the past year has led to the fact that now, there are twice as many [political] prisoners in Belarus [as in Russia]. Moreover, the population is 14 times smaller,\u201d the human rights activist emphasizes. <\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">As of October 27, the Viasna Human Rights Center considers 833 people in Belarus political prisoners.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"RelatedBlock-module_header__2SuWP\"> about repressions in Belarus<\/h3>\n<p>\u2018Now there\u2019s no fear \u2014 just sadness\u2019 A year after Belarus\u2019s presidential election, five protesters tell Meduza how their lives have changed as Lukashenko has tightened his grip on power<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">\u201cIn democratic countries there shouldn\u2019t be political prisoners. But, given the controversy of some situations involving the right of peoples to self-determination and the right to disseminate information, there are definitely individuals there [who are political prisoners],\u201d Davidis concludes.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"SimpleBlock-module_h3__2Kv7Y  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\"><strong>Why does Memorial maintain a political prisoners list?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Memorial is one of the oldest and largest human rights organizations in Russia. It began keeping a list of the country\u2019s political prisoners in the 2000s. According to Sergey Davidis, this wasn\u2019t necessary in the 1990s because there were \u201cvirtually no political prisoners\u201d in Russia, but things changed after the Yukos case. \u201cA need arose for an authoritative evaluation and recognition procedure, to draw the attention of the Russian and international community to the most egregious cases,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">Initially, a comprehensive list of political prisoners was drawn up and maintained by the Union of Solidarity with Political Prisoners, an organization formed in the mid-2000s. But, as Davidis recalls, this small group of volunteers soon became unable to cope with the ever-growing number of cases. Therefore, in the late 2000s, it joined Memorial\u2019s program. <\/p>\n<p class=\"SimpleBlock-module_p__Q3azD  SimpleBlock-module_center__2rjif\">The way Davidis sees it, this was a logical step, as Memorial\u2019s work \u201creflects the continuity\u201d between preserving the historical memory of Stalin-era repressions and aiding those faced with political persecution in Russia today.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"DonatesTeaser-module_title__hs-yr\">We won\u2019t give up Because you\u2019re with us<\/h3>\n<p>I\u2019m with you, Meduza<\/p>\n<p class=\"MaterialNote-module_note_caption__1ezSo\">Interview by <strong>Alexandra Sivtsova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MaterialNote-module_note_credit__PuFyX\">Summary by <strong>Eilish Hart<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--noindex--><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/meduza.io\/en\/feature\/2021\/10\/27\/420-give-or-take\">Source<\/a><!--\/noindex--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A rally in support of political prisoners on Moscow\u2019s Sakharov Avenue. September 30, 2019.Zuma \/ \u0422\u0410\u0421\u0421 The number of political prisoners in Russia today is nearly five times higher than it was five years ago, according to the latest report from the Memorial Human Rights Center. Activists began maintaining a list of Russian political prisoners [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4973,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"\/impro\/BB4-O69ZnL_KveS3_02IOsAKFwCU2FAHyt4MakXL1Fs\/fill\/325\/0\/ce\/1\/aHR0cHM6Ly9tZWR1\/emEuaW8vaW1hZ2Uv\/YXR0YWNobWVudHMv\/aW1hZ2VzLzAwNy8x\/ODQvMDI4L29yaWdp\/bmFsL2dBd19hNE4x\/UGRTN3VkdDZyVHo2\/WkEucG5n.png","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news-from-russia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>420, give or take Meduza talks to Memorial\u2019s Sergey Davidis about Russia\u2019s growing number of political prisoners - Learn Russian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/420-give-or-take-meduza-talks-to-memorials-sergey-davidis-about-russias-growing-number-of-political-prisoners.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"420, give or take Meduza talks to Memorial\u2019s Sergey Davidis about Russia\u2019s growing number of political prisoners - Learn Russian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A rally in support of political prisoners on Moscow\u2019s Sakharov Avenue. September 30, 2019.Zuma \/ \u0422\u0410\u0421\u0421 The number of political prisoners in Russia today is nearly five times higher than it was five years ago, according to the latest report from the Memorial Human Rights Center. 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