{"id":4793,"date":"2021-10-14T20:25:21","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T20:25:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html"},"modified":"2021-10-14T20:25:21","modified_gmt":"2021-10-14T20:25:22","slug":"lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html","title":{"rendered":"Lost in translation? The one-inch truth about Netflix\u2019s subtitle problem"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"47e1fb9c-baaa-4a7d-b00b-5a98ee11c0d4\" class=\"dcr-13udsys\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/cc0d0307ef3b5767df44e17a63e995f73281f149\/0_34_6000_3600\/master\/6000.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=0dcc84dd47a08fe8859d1e75bb255f46\" alt=\"Squid Game.\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Squid Game.\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/cc0d0307ef3b5767df44e17a63e995f73281f149\/0_34_6000_3600\/master\/6000.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=0dcc84dd47a08fe8859d1e75bb255f46\" height=\"1200\" width=\"2000\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript> Worldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty ImagesWorldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty Images<\/figure>\n<p>Subtitling is an essential art form. So why, as the streaming giant scores more global hits with shows like Squid Game and Call My Agent, isn\u2019t it trying harder to find the right words?<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/uploads\/2017\/10\/09\/Viv-Groskop,-L.png?width=300&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=e2a1c6dd1bd3543d3294e34b5230e715\" alt=\"Viv Groskop\" class=\"dcr-19n4rhu lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/uploads\/2017\/10\/09\/Viv-Groskop,-L.png?width=300&amp;quality=85&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;s=e2a1c6dd1bd3543d3294e34b5230e715\" alt=\"Viv Groskop\" class=\"dcr-19n4rhu\"><\/noscript>@vivgroskop<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">\u201cOnce you overcome the one-inch-tall barrier of subtitles, you will be introduced to so many more amazing films.\u201d So said the director Bong Joon-ho, as he accepted his best picture Oscar for Parasite in 2020, in a not-so-subtle dig at the dominance of English language content. The success of Netflix\u2019s Korean series Squid Game, where contestants compete in deadly playground games to win a cash prize, has proved him more than right. It has become Netflix\u2019s biggest hit yet, earning the title of its No 1 show in 90 countries, mostly within days of release and eclipsing even the mighty Bridgerton. But it has also sparked an intense debate about what gets lost in that one-inch block of text \u2013 and raised questions over whether Netflix is investing enough in creating accurate versions of foreign-language scripts.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Even before Squid Game, some of Netflix\u2019s biggest hits were \u201cforeign language\u201d series, among them Lupin (France), Elite (Spain), Dark (Germany) and Money Heist (Spain). This is partly about global viewers being increasingly open to seeking out the best entertainment experiences. But it also speaks, perhaps, to a sort of secret fantasy that we might understand more in another language than we think. In the same way that everyone who lapped up the Danish series Borgen convinced themselves they could speak Danish just because they could say \u201cTak, tak, Staatsminister\u201d (\u201cThanks, thanks, Prime Minister\u201d) in a dodgy Scandinavian accent, so viewers turned to French slang YouTube videos to try to decode their best bits from Call My Agent. The optimistic inquiry \u201cCan I speak a language fluently just by watching TV?\u201d yields 10.4 million Google results.<\/p>\n<p id=\"sign-in-gate\">\n<figure id=\"42f60e46-7b82-4293-a4be-7479d604307e\" class=\"dcr-10khgmf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/7f8a612df16e8417c2d49ebb574b6b0168d5a557\/74_0_2400_1440\/master\/2400.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=0ab5065f3d813dc3f9676528fd9f002a\" alt=\"Isabelle Adjani in Call My Agent (AKA Dix Pour Cent).\" height=\"1440\" width=\"2400\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Isabelle Adjani in Call My Agent (AKA Dix Pour Cent).\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/7f8a612df16e8417c2d49ebb574b6b0168d5a557\/74_0_2400_1440\/master\/2400.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=0ab5065f3d813dc3f9676528fd9f002a\" height=\"1440\" width=\"2400\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript>Isabelle Adjani in Call My Agent (AKA Dix Pour Cent). Photograph: France 2\/Netflix<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">However much we might wish this to be true, the debate around the subtitles to Squid Game suggests the answer is no. \u201cIf you don\u2019t understand Korean, you didn\u2019t really watch the same show,\u201d concludes Youngmi Mayer, the New York-based co-host of the podcast Feeling Asian. She released a TikTok video unpicking the flaws in Squid Game\u2019s subtitles, which has had more than 12m views. Her gripes? One of the lead female characters (Han Mi-nyeo, played by Kim Joo-ryung) is represented as more subservient and less intelligent than in Korean. The \u201cgrandmother\u2019s footsteps\u201d first game (Red Light, Green Light) is not properly translated, either, and the concept of \u201c<em>gganbu<\/em>\u201d (a link between two equals \u2013 which becomes a major plot point) is glossed over.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"14ac5a60-3594-459f-a7f5-68ec0b8d412b\" class=\"dcr-1mfia18\">Lights, camera, caption! Why subtitles are no longer just for the hard of hearing<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Squid Game\u2019s \u201clost in translation\u201d moments have even tipped over into accusations of cultural and political bias. \u201cNetflix is notorious for its weak translations of Korean dramas,\u201d wrote Sharon Kwon in Slate. Alongside many others online, Kwon highlighted the translation of \u201csir\u201d instead of \u201cboss\u201d \u2013 as used by the Pakistani character Ali Abdul (Anupam Tripathi) to defer to others \u2013 arguing that by not using the latter, it lessens the impact of the anti-capitalist message of the series. Vice\u2019s Eileen Cho wrote: \u201cHow will people learn about our culture if the streamer is mistranslating the language?\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Watching the show as a non-Korean speaker, I experienced the Staatsminister-style joy of hearing the words \u201csteakhouse\u201d, \u201cchicken\u201d and \u201cice-cream\u201d and deluding myself momentarily that I could understand some Korean. Then I realised that, yes, some of these subtitles <em>did<\/em> feel awkward. Is \u201cdarn\u201d a word that anyone would say? It popped up repeatedly. Similarly, in the first episode, Seong Gi-hun (Lee Jung-jae) uses the word \u201cgosh\u201d four times. Which you might believe, if saying \u201cgosh\u201d was something the character was known for. But he doesn\u2019t say it again for the rest of the series.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">The debate around Squid Game\u2019s subtitles has performed a service, though, in revealing the difference between subtitles, closed captions and dubbing. Netflix\u2019s algorithm sets your choice automatically to dubbing, which is why if you click on any foreign language content, the actors will mysteriously appear on your screen speaking fluent American English that almost-but-not-quite matches their mouth movements. \u201cClosed captions\u201d were initially devised for deaf viewers and include audio description. (\u201cA door slams.\u201d) The dialogue used on closed captions is usually a direct transcript of the dubbing script. Subtitles use another script entirely. These, too, are subject to constraints: the translation has to fit across the screen and correspond to a preset reading speed. But they are often seen as a more accurate translation than the dubbing script. Subtitling legend and film critic Darcy Paquet, who worked on Parasite, tweeted: \u201cI didn\u2019t do the subtitles for Squid Game, but note that for this show there are two sets of English subtitles. There are the \u201creal\u201d English subtitles, and there is the transcription of the dubbed version [closed captions]. Choose the real subtitles!\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Viewers who are deaf or hard of hearing, however, don\u2019t have the choice between the subtitle script and the dubbing script. And many fans are irritated that Netflix seems to be investing more heavily in dubbing than in subtitles. Between 2015 and 2020 Netflix invested $700m over five years in Korean films and television. After the success of Squid Game, this year alone it is putting $500m into Korean content. You would think the question of accurate translation would figure as a priority.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"051839f5-d5fc-44f6-9f66-5345974c4fe0\" class=\"dcr-10khgmf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9136e01e1b3aeb84c07c2ea7479afbb082eb0d4d\/0_262_7603_4562\/master\/7603.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=1952f1397147d2c04886ee9e0555ecba\" alt=\"Omar Sy as the gentleman thief in Lupin.\" height=\"4562\" width=\"7603\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb lazyload\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Omar Sy as the gentleman thief in Lupin.\" src=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/9136e01e1b3aeb84c07c2ea7479afbb082eb0d4d\/0_262_7603_4562\/master\/7603.jpg?width=445&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=1952f1397147d2c04886ee9e0555ecba\" height=\"4562\" width=\"7603\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"dcr-1989ovb\"><\/noscript>Omar Sy as the gentleman thief in Lupin. Photograph: Emmanuel Guimier<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">These conversations have been going on in the subtitling world for some time. A dubbing script translation is always going to be less accurate as it faces two challenges. First, it must translate a phrase in such a way that it takes exactly the same amount of time to say out loud in both languages. Second, if there is any opportunity to copy the mouth movements, then you\u2019re supposed to take it. This is why in Squid Game the Korean honorific \u201coppa\u201d was translated as \u201cold man\u201d in the dubbing script. It\u2019s \u201cbabe\u201d in the subtitle script. In fact, in Korean it\u2019s a term of respect meaning \u201colder brother.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"39f3df7b-b67c-4cfa-92e5-bcb8699acf77\" class=\"dcr-1mfia18\">Squid Game: the hellish horrorshow taking the whole world by storm<\/figure>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Max Deryagin, based in Perm, Russia, is the chair of Subtle, the Subtitler\u2019s Association, an international group of freelance subtitlers campaigning for the recognition of subtitling as a professional trade and an essential art form. Deryagin has been subtitling English to Russian for 11 years and worked on the Russian subtitles for the Netflix films Birdbox and Mank, the streamer\u2019s series Orange Is the New Black, and David Lynch\u2019s short film What Did Jack Do?, also released on Netflix. He watched the latter 15 times before trying to translate it (\u201cI was so excited that I could barely sleep. Any complex film is exciting to translate as you need to understand it to convey it. Imagine doing that for Twin Peaks.\u201d) The abundance of content has caused a \u201ctalent crunch\u201d in subtitling in recent years, he says. There just aren\u2019t enough translators to go round: \u201cNetflix has so much programming that they have changed our industry profoundly.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Deryagin explains how differences between different languages present challenges for him and his peers. \u201cEnglish is considered compact, like Japanese and Chinese. Arabic and Spanish not so much.\u201d These differences have huge ramifications if you are trying to fit a translation into a few words on screen while respecting the viewer\u2019s reading speed. The Scandinavians are the most experienced at all this, he says. \u201cIn Scandinavia, they believe in longer subtitles that linger. The reading speed is around 12 characters a second. But in other countries they want shorter subtitles that preserve more of the dialogue but retain the gist.\u201d (If this sounds an impossible task, then that\u2019s pretty much because it is.) Subtitlers are constantly cutting out \u201cfiller words\u201d (um, er, you know). With closed captions, the constraints are even greater: \u201cYou need the translation to fit the lip movements of the actor. Sometimes you have to take big liberties.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">Youmee Lee, a deaf Korean American artist, wishes that Netflix \u2013 and other streaming services \u2013 would put more effort into monitoring the translation process. \u201cFor non-English films, closed captions should be an accessible version of the official English subtitles,\u201d says Lee. \u201cI did watch the first episode [of Squid Game], and it was painful for me to see [the differences between] the subtitles and closed captions. Both were missing specific information. Streaming services should be cohesive with translation and accessibility. We, the deaf viewers, deserve access to the same information as hearing viewers so we all can share the experience.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">What these debates really reveal, perhaps, is the depth of emotional investment in these bingeworthy shows. Of course, non-native speakers will miss nuances. This can be obvious from the subtitles themselves and it only makes you study the actor\u2019s performances even harder to make up for it. Which is hugely satisfying in Squid Game, as the acting is extraordinarily good. After all, any English speaker would have flinched at the expression used in episode eight: \u201cYou always have to get in trouble to know it\u2019s trouble.\u201d (What?) The real translation is: \u201cYou always eat it before you can tell whether it\u2019s shit or <em>doenjang<\/em> [brown fermented soya bean paste].\u201d You don\u2019t have to speak Korean \u2013 or even have tried doenjang \u2013 to get it.<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1m34hpq\">With series like Squid Game becoming as successful as they are, some may wonder why people care so much about translation. Says Youngmi Mayer: \u201cI guess you could ask, do people really care about Star Wars? Some people would tell you they don\u2019t care about Star Wars at all. And other people would answer that they\u2019ve based their entire life on it. If one word was mistranslated they would be incredibly angry.\u201d<\/p>\n<p> This article was amended on 14 October 2021 to clarify Max Deryagin\u2019s previous translation roles, and to correct a quote from the series Borgen.<\/p>\n<p><!--noindex--><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/tv-and-radio\/2021\/oct\/14\/squid-game-netflix-translations-subtitle-problem\">Source<\/a><!--\/noindex--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Worldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty ImagesWorldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty Images Subtitling is an essential art form. So why, as the streaming giant scores more global hits with shows like Squid Game and Call My Agent, isn\u2019t it trying harder to find the right words? @vivgroskop \u201cOnce you overcome [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4794,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/cc0d0307ef3b5767df44e17a63e995f73281f149\/0_34_6000_3600\/master\/6000.jpg?width=465&amp;quality=45&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=max&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=0dcc84dd47a08fe8859d1e75bb255f46","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news-from-russia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lost in translation? The one-inch truth about Netflix\u2019s subtitle problem - Learn Russian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lost in translation? The one-inch truth about Netflix\u2019s subtitle problem - Learn Russian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Worldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty ImagesWorldwide smash \u2026 Squid Game. Photograph: Youngkyu Park\/Netflix\/AFP\/Getty Images Subtitling is an essential art form. So why, as the streaming giant scores more global hits with shows like Squid Game and Call My Agent, isn\u2019t it trying harder to find the right words? @vivgroskop \u201cOnce you overcome [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mediateka.online\/learnrussian\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Learn Russian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-14T20:25:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/cc0d0307ef3b5767df44e17a63e995f73281f149\/0_34_6000_3600\/master\/6000.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=0dcc84dd47a08fe8859d1e75bb255f46\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i.guim.co.uk\/img\/media\/cc0d0307ef3b5767df44e17a63e995f73281f149\/0_34_6000_3600\/master\/6000.jpg?width=465&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=0dcc84dd47a08fe8859d1e75bb255f46\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/lost-in-translation-the-one-inch-truth-about-netflixs-subtitle-problem.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/mediateka.online\\\/learnrussian\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0d6f5f7bbb19440e07a465cadacf8014\"},\"headline\":\"Lost in translation? 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